The Evolution of Frankenstein :: Frankenstein, Mary Shelley

The Evolution of Frankenstein   In the no so distant past, comparative with the world everywhere, in pleasant Geneva not so distant from Lake Leman, Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley participated in a not all that typical challenge. The challenge was to compose a phantom story. The result was Frankenstein; what is viewed as today to be a exemplary, one of the principal sci-fi stories, and a story deified many occasions over in film. What's more, what at its initiation was viewed as minimal more than the upset and silly works of a lady by a few, and a respectable whenever lost exertion by others. Basic readings of the novel have developed after some time to include more parts of the basic range and to take into consideration a more extensive perusing and comprehension of the work which represents more than just presumptive worth formal, logical, mimetic or expressive hypotheses alone.   In March of 1818, that year Frankenstein was distributed, The Belle Assemblee magazine evaluated Frankenstein. In its initial passage expresses ..that the possible works of man must be appalling, awful, and shocking; finishing just in distress and wretchedness to himself. In any case, will every one of our perusers get this?. Obviously this commentator is, in some part, considering logical hypotheses. The examination given is in light of a legitimate concern for the peruser, with the goal that they may should be ready to value the work. Also, credit is given to formal parts of the work, the greatness of its style and language just as its creativity, greatness of language, and impossible to miss intrigue.   In spite of the fact that this survey was brief, and did minimal more than sum up the book for intrigued perusers of the time, it did what numerous others didn't, in that it concentrated on Frankenstein as an unique work that offered something new to perusers of the time. Further surveys, from sources for example, Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine permitted the creator, whose personality was not known for sure at that point, some little elbowroom in their reactions. In spite of the fact that they too concurred that the formal style of Frankenstein was special and commendable, carefully mimetic hypotheses are taken into account in issues they think about conflicting inside the novel, especially as they relate to the nature of the beast. It is viewed as non-intelligent of the method of this present reality, that a The Evolution of Frankenstein :: Frankenstein, Mary Shelley The Evolution of Frankenstein   In the no so distant past, comparative with the world everywhere, in pleasant Geneva not so distant from Lake Leman, Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley participated in a not all that ordinary challenge. The challenge was to compose a phantom story. The result was Frankenstein; what is viewed as today to be a exemplary, one of the principal sci-fi stories, and a story deified many occasions over in film. Also, what at its beginning was viewed as minimal more than the upset and half-baked works of a lady by a few, and an honorable whenever lost exertion by others. Basic readings of the novel have developed after some time to include more parts of the basic range and to take into consideration a more extensive perusing and comprehension of the work which represents more than only presumptive worth formal, expository, mimetic or expressive speculations alone.   In March of 1818, that year Frankenstein was distributed, The Belle Assemblee magazine inspected Frankenstein. In its initial section expresses ..that the hypothetical works of man must be loathsome, disgusting, and appalling; finishing just in uneasiness and wretchedness to himself. Be that as it may, will every one of our perusers get this?. Obviously this commentator is, in some part, considering expository hypotheses. The examination given is in light of a legitimate concern for the peruser, with the goal that they may should be ready to welcome the work. Too, credit is given to formal parts of the work, the greatness of its style and language just as its creativity, greatness of language, and exceptional intrigue.   In spite of the fact that this survey was brief, and did minimal more than sum up the book for intrigued perusers of the time, it did what numerous others didn't, in that it concentrated on Frankenstein as an unique work that offered something new to perusers of the time. Further surveys, from sources for example, Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine permitted the creator, whose personality was not known for sure at that point, some little slack in their reactions. Despite the fact that they too concurred that the formal style of Frankenstein was remarkable and laudable, carefully mimetic hypotheses are taken into account in issues they think about conflicting inside the novel, especially as they relate to the nature of the beast. It is viewed as non-intelligent of the method of this present reality, that a

Scene 5 Act 5 Commentary

Macbeth:She ought to have kicked the bucket from now on; There would possess been an energy for such a word. Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow Creeps in the negligible pace from everyday To the last syllable of recorded time; And every one of our yesterdays have lit simpletons The best approach to dusty passing. Out, out brief light, Life’s yet a mobile shadow, a poor player That swaggers and frets his hour upon the stage And then is heard no more. It is a story Told by an imbecile, loaded with sound and wrath Signifying nothing. 5. 5 17-28) Act 5, Scene 5 Commentary In act 5, scene 5 of Macbeth, William Shakespeare utilizes analogies, phrasing, mind-set and tone to underscore the idea that life is trivial, so as to propose the subject of aspiration without moral limitations. After knowing about his wife’s passing, Macbeth ponders how silly his own life has become. Shakespeare utilizes tone to pronounce Macbeth’s sentiments toward life. All through this sectio n, the tone is harsh and cold. â€Å"It is a story told by a moron, loaded with sound and wrath, meaning nothing. (5. 5 26-28) After hearing a women’s cry, Macbeth understands his own mortality, and he talks derisively. While considering how unimportant his life has become, an irate state of mind is built up. Once understanding his life is brimming with commotion and acting, he sees that he truly fizzled and his life doesn't imply anything. He rapidly gets chafed at how his life has turned out. Shakespeare has a quite certain style, and in this specific entry, he decides to utilize reiteration. â€Å"Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow† (5. 18) BY rehashing ‘tomorrow’ again and again, the fatigue of life all in all is worried by hauling the word out. He additionally decides to utilize â€Å"petty pace† (5. 5 19) and â€Å"dusty death† (5. 5 22), framing similar sounding word usages. The utilization of comparable sounds put accentuation on t he way that the days are simply delaying terrifyingly, which just lead to death. All through Macbeth’s speech, Shakespeare fuses different representations, one of which thinks about existence to a terrible entertainer who meanders and stresses in front of an audience. â€Å"Life’s however a mobile shadow, an oor player that swaggers and frets his hour upon the stage, and afterward is heard no more. † (5. 5 23 - 25) Macbeth accepts that life is only a dream, and once you are finished meandering around, you simply vanish and abandon nothing significant. He likewise looks at life to a light. â€Å"Out, out brief light. † (5. 5 22) The concise flame is one that is faintly lit †that nobody needs †and wears out rapidly. The flame represents how short and dull life is. By including â€Å"Out, out† (5. 5 22) Macbeth shows how he needs the flame to consume out.He is examining self destruction and wouldn't like to live any longer since he is embarr assed about his life. This whole entry is fixated on the idea that life is irrelevant, which epitomizes the subject of aspiration without moral imperatives. Due to Macbeth’s desire, he is in too far to pivot. It is very hard to pivot and quit executing, so his decision is to simply continue onward. Up until this time, Macbeth had expected to win the fight between him, Malcolm and Macduff. He figured winning this war would at long last bring him bliss again.Once Lady Macbeth kicked the bucket he understood that isn't the situation. His activities went unchecked by any ethics, which just prompted an incredible annihilation. Woman Macbeth slaughtered herself since she could deal with the blame any longer, and since his significant other is gone, he sees the harm and understands that he fizzled at making his life vital. The topic of aspiration without moral limitations is appeared through Macbeths acknowledgment that life is vain, that is introduced by Shakespeare’s utiliz ation of illustrations, lingual authority, state of mind and tone.

medneo

medneo INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi. Today we are in  Berlin  with medneo. Nico, who are you and what do you do?Nicolas: Well, thanks for being here, first of all. Im glad that youre here. So, medneo, what is medneo doing. So maybe Ill tell you a little bit where we come from, so that gives you a very good introduction. So, my 2 co-founders and myself, we met each other at Siemens, Siemens Healthcare. So weve been there for many years. I personally was there for nearly 11 years. And we always discover the same two issues there, thats the founding principle of what we are doing with medneo.First of all, we saw that the utilization of the very expensive and heavy diagnostic imaging technologies is very-very low. So in any other industry that  wouldnt  be possible. So in the airline industry, if  the plane is standing as much in the ground then MRI is not running, you cant afford flight anymore. That was the first observation.Second observation was, that more and more customers from those medical de vice manufacturers like Siemens, GE and so on, they were asking for a flexible purchasing options or utilization models, like I only pay for a patient. This is really difficult for medical device manufacturers, because they can’t influence the utilization rate.So, I always compare that with car rental agency, car rental agency cant manage the  utilization  of a  car, if the car is standing in your parking lot and you have the key for it. Thats exactly the case, if you bring that device to a hospital or an outpatient center, you cant influence the utilization. And those two things are the cornerstone of what we are actually doing.We are operating or building an operating diagnostic imaging centers and operating them as a medical technical service provider, not as a doctor, not as a physician, not as a medical service provider. So the radiologists, the doctors, those are our customers. Theyre independent, they are their own entrepreneurs, they can stay independent, they dont have to commit to MVZ, in  Germany  like outpatient center, or whatever.They are their own entrepreneurs. They are our customers, but they are only taking care of the medical part. Thats what they learnt in the university, thats why they become a doctor and everything else is done by medneo. Starting from the scheduling of a patient or if the patient wants to have an appointment, to the management of the patient in the diagnostic center, the image acquisition process, how to scan a patient. So thats all done by medneo with our own staff, with our own experts.Then after the image acquisition, the radiologist gets the images on our IT infrastructure, thats also something we develop on our own to enable all those process efficiency steps that we doing. He does the interpretation, writes the final report and after that we take over again, we send out the report to the referring physician, to the patient, handling the invoicing stuff in the name of the radiologist, thats the patient of the radi ologist, its not our patient. But we are doing all the organization and administrative things again.So as I said, the radiologist can concentrate on being a doctor, and we can concentrate on, well, all the other aspects that are important to run a business.Martin: Great! Have there been any challenges when you started this business and how did you overcome them?Nicolas: In general, we are quite happy where we are standing right now.The first challenge of course, well, getting out of a huge company, with my 2 co-founders. So whats the right time to jump, so to say. What are the important partners would stay for networking, we want to  take with us  and further utilize it in the future. That was the first big step that weve taken.  Most of the founders have to take the step as well.Well, then afterwards of course it was important having those general ideas and those cornerstones I just described, to actually get into the market, being really operational, knowing every bit of the proce ss details, what to focus on, and of course gaining the trust of the medical service providers, so the doctors.At the beginning that was the hardest part, because for our first diagnostic center, we had to convince them with a Power Point presentation, more or less. For all the other centers, it was quite a major step to be much easier. Because now we can invite them, they can see how we are actually working, how the process is working, what we are actually doing and experienced that. And so, its way easier to convince them and to gain the trust, that we can do that as being non-doctors or non-experts in their perception.That was certainly one of the major things at the beginning. It just turns out that being non-doctor is now becoming more and more important for us, more and more beneficial, while talking to doctors, because the differentiation, the scope of what they are doing and what we are doing is so  clear. We cant do the medical part and thats our core focus, we say we  dont do anything in that arena. But we take care of all the rest.BUSINESS MODELMartin: One core competency of you is that you really try to utilize the fixed assets much more efficient than anybody else in the market. How do you do it?Nicolas: What is utilization? Utilization is how many examination you do per MRI wise, per time, per year, whatever. In general, if you want to do that  with an airplane, you have also two measures that you can implement.You can see the plane is flying all the time, and its not standing on the ground.You can see that the utilization, so the  sit  load factor is increased.Thats exactly the same what we are doing as well.  We have very long opening hours, so at the moment in Berlin, we are operating 18 hours a day, from 6 in the morning to midnight. Well come to the next question, if the patients are coming at that time. They do actually.And the second part is of course, how many patients we can do per hour or per time. Thats also hugely depending on the pro cess efficiency, and there we can do really really a lot without being not very nice environment for a patient, where he always feels to be in a hurry. Our process efficiency measures are indeed bringing kindness to patient while still being efficient. With those to deliver, we increase utilization way more than any other radiology center in  Germany, well actually not only in  Germany.Martin: On the one hand side we have this fixed assets but on the other hand you also said that you provide some kind of software service to the radiologist. Can you tell us a little bit more whether you develop this by your own and on what type of functions you are focusing?Nicolas: IT is one of the key differentiators in our process, because it supports our process in all aspects. In general, in radiology department, youre using 2 different kinds of IT systems for your operational process.So one system is the image management system, where you can store these huge data files, huge image files, what such a device is actually delivering. How to manage that, how to store that, how to make that  secure, and also manage the viewing whether the radiologist is actually looking at the images and then writing his report, his conclusions. If theres something damaged in someones region. Thats one of the systems.And the second system is the workflow management system, where all the patients data is stored, all the medical records, medical history, also the whole workflow is supported, from the  scheduling  part which is for us, a very very important part because in the scheduling we determine the utilization. So thats the key aspect of the process there.  So whatever works right in the  sketching  part and works right in the diagnostic center later.But also, all the process in diagnostic center, thats all managed by this workflow system. And this workflow system was completely developed by our own. So at the beginning, we had to make the choice if we use a system that is out there, but m ost of the systems in the medical arena, especially very old and they tend to be where you shut down very close, no interfaces, well, all they say in test is secure but having no interfaces has nothing to do with being secure or not.As we learn from  other industries, and our system is a total opposite. Its a very flexible, very open system, while still being very-very secure and having your right authentification measures. And this is very very important, not only for our core business model where we are running and operating diagnostic imaging centers on our own, but also for all future activities that we are doing so we can leverage those IT possibilities that we have.CORPORATE STRATEGYMartin: Nico, lets talk about the corporate strategy of medneo. Right now you have 2 diagnostic centers, one in  Berlin  and one in Potsdam. What I found very interesting is that both of them run a little bit different and that also your future, you have some other thoughts on how you would like to operate in the market. Can you tell us something about that?Nicolas: Our core business model as I just described, when we were talking about, is that we really invest in all the equipment, we run the diagnostic imaging centers, and we have a pay-per-use model for medical service providers. Thats our core model and that works very-very good for developed markets, not only  Germany, all  Central Europe, US, etc. So thats the model for those kinds of markets.For developing countries, its a totally different game. For them, it’s not the question if they can afford an MRI system or they can afford other imaging technology. For them, the question is can they operate it. And operating it, is always three different aspects that have to come together.The first aspect is infrastructure. Being able to actually operate the infrastructure, keep it alive. And there’s only electricity, cooling, interface to building technology, only to name a few of them and thats really really hard if youre in a developing country. I saw that myself in the recent years a lot. So thats the first aspect that you really have to manage.The second aspect is, you need experts in operating the medical devices, so radiographers, the medical technical expertise to acquire the image.And then the third aspect is the medical expertise to do the interpretation of the image, let say, Okay, whats wrong with the patient and give the doctors then an indication, the referring physicians, how to proceed with the patient.So those 3 things have to come together.And for us, thats exactly what we are focusing. Infrastructure, were now establishing not only radiology that we can be built in an existing building, like what weve done here in  Berlin. But we have developed a modular concept, where we are using a stand out ISO containers, so shipping containers, so  pure  shipping containers that we actually use as modules. So its not that we bind them together and place the radiology inside, but really each cont ainer is a module. So we have a container for the medical devices, we have a container for the entrance area, we have a container for the restroom, for the building technology, for the cooling. And we can even have containers for electricity generation and so on.With this infrastructure, we are able to premanufacture everything here in  Germany, together with the partners. We are not a manufacturing company, but we are the integrator or the know how on our side for all the bits of the technology. And we bring the manufacture that up to a rate of 85% roughly and then we can then ship it to developing countries. We basically need a basement there, where we can place the containers and everything else that we brought to those countries.  So not only the containers and the infrastructures but as I said also the electricity, internet via satellite, these are all the things we can actually do. Thats the infrastructure part.Lets jump to the third aspect, the medical part before we come to second one. The third aspect is the medical expertise. Thats actually something we are actually doing or ready based on our IT infrastructure we are developing on our own. We are able to connect other radiologists from all over the world via very-very thin internet cables, so with  high latency with low  bandwidth. And we already have a few very interesting projects.Our first one was actually in Nigeria, where all the other bigger IT companies said that its impossible to connect them and we said that’s just the right reference case for us. And we connected a hospital there. They have a CT, they have MRI, they have conventional X-Ray, their mammography device, but they don have a radiologist there. And there is also no radiologist close by, the next one is a couple of hundred kilometers away.And for them, thats really a problem because while they have some expensive devices there, but actually the results, well, if you dont have the expertise then its hard. So what weve done there, we installed our IT infrastructure. They can send their images directly from the scanner, so from those devices directly to our infrastructure. The images are transferred to our network. And now the radiologist will collaborate with us or our customers and here whole thing turns a bit around can earn additional money by actually by working in this teleradiology field and helping those developing countries while earning money for their own business. So thats the third part.The second part, and thats something we are using now also on our location in Potsdam as our RD location, where we actually develop the possibility to remote control such a scanner. That we can bring the medical technical expertise that we have here in Berlin or Germany in general, to those countries and actually guide the scan from remote.We always need somebody locally to take care of the patient, to place the patient on the table and do everything that is necessary locally, but running the very complex image ac quisition procedure, thats something we believe we can do remotely. And thats one of the RD things we are developing right now. And then we have all 3 parts together to run a radiology anywhere in the world.Martin: You only need a partner who can operate it and make sure that it cool, enough electricity going there?Nicolas: Well actually, we can provide that as well. We can provide cooling, we can provide electricity there if requested or if needed, so thats something that we can bring to the table. What we are not doing with those projects, we dont take the utilization risk.MARKET DEVELOPMENTMartin: Nico, can you tell us something about the market of radiologists. Like how much revenue are they generating for example in  Germany, or in Europe and how this compares to  Nigeria  or the  US?Nicolas: Well, thats a very funny comparison actually. That in Munich there are more MRI scanners than in complete  Northern Africa. That also gives you an indication that theres quite some room to catch up for them.What I found is a very interesting figure, how many MRI scans per inhabitants you have that also shows which countries are developing and which area. In  Germany, like  Switzerland, the  US, you have between 9 and 10 MRI examinations per 100 inhabitants per year. So thats the rough rate here, you can calculate on. If you look a little bit around like  Eastern Europe, well, depending on the country of course, but you have rates between 2.5 to 4 examinations per 100 inhabitants per year. If you look at  Russia, you are below 1, if you look at  Africa, you can hardly count it. So that indicates that there’s a lot of room to catch up.And of course those are the countries we look at for our first business model, where we do the utilization in the developed countries. And of course the countries very interesting with the increasing gross domestic product, because we found that the correlation between MRI scans and the gross domestic product is really linear. So it can t be more precise actually.Martin: Okay.Nicolas: So thats pretty clear where we can go in this regard. And for our infrastructure of the machine as I said, developing countries are the core focus like Africa,  Middle East.  At the beginning, we prefer to stay in our time zones plus minus. But of course, Asia and  America  is also very interesting for the future.Martin: So my perception is that the medneo business model is quite unique in  Germany. Is there some similar business model also working in the  US  or  Canada?Nicolas: Not exactly. So you have big radiology chain, so thats something you can find. Also in Germany, where radiologists hire other radiologists and have a bigger chain and doing that usually quite regional. So they have a very high presence in regional market but you don’t have one example for whole Germany, and thats very similar to other countries as well.With all the benefits and also the issues that you have to solve while being radiologist hiring other radi ologist, usually the management and the service levels of such a model is not comparable to what we are doing.They key differentiation, being a technical provider and being expert in the technology field that is not that strong. And I think the biggest difference is that the radiologists who are working there, they are employees, they are not entrepreneurs. And thats the major difference to our model. So as I said, in our model all our customers are their own entrepreneurs, radiologists themselves or working together with hospitals of course as well. They are being their own organization and we dont hire them. Thats the key differentiator. And I havent seen that in  Germany,  up to my knowledge, I havent seen that anywhere else.ADVICE TO ENTREPRENEURS In Berlin we interviewed Nicolas Weber, the co-founder of medneo.medneo was found by three ex-Siemens consultants and its business model is Radiology as a Service from buying diagnostic imaging equipment to buying of clinical images.The clients of medneo are radiologists, hospitals and other users that need clinical images on a pay-per-use-basis. The advantage for customers: flexibility, cost reduction and no investment-, technology- and utilization-risk.Nic told us in detail about medneos business model, the plans for the future, market comparison in the radiology across countries, and his advices for other entrepreneurs.The transcript of the interview is provided below.INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi. Today we are in  Berlin  with medneo. Nico, who are you and what do you do?Nicolas: Well, thanks for being here, first of all. Im glad that youre here. So, medneo, what is medneo doing. So maybe Ill tell you a little bit where we come from, so that gives you a very good introduction. So, my 2 co-founders and myself, we met each other at Siemens, Siemens Healthcare. So weve been there for many years. I personally was there for nearly 11 years. And we always discover the same two issues there, thats the founding principle of what we are doing with medneo.First of all, we saw that the utilization of the very expensive and heavy diagnostic imaging technologies is very-very low. So in any other industry that  wouldnt  be possible. So in the airline industry, if  the plane is standing as much in the ground then MRI is not running, you cant afford flight anymore. That was the first observation.Second observation was, that more and more customers from those medical device manufacturers like Siemens, GE and so on, they were asking for a flexible purchasing options or utilization models, like I only pay for a patient. This is really difficult for medical device manufacturers, because they can’t influence the utilization rate.So, I always compare that with car rental agency, car rental agency cant manage the  utilization  of a  car, if the car is standing in your parking lot and you have the key for it. Thats exactly the case, if you bring that device to a hospital or an outpatient center, you cant influence the utilization. And those two things are the cornerstone of what we are actually doing.We are operating or building an operating diagnostic imaging centers and operating them as a medical technical service provider, not as a doctor, not as a physician, not as a medical service provider. So the radiologists, the doctors, those are our customers. Theyre independent, they are their own entrepreneurs, they can stay independent, they dont have to commit to MVZ, in  Germany  like outpatient center, or whatever.They are their own entrepreneurs. They are our customers, but they are only taking care of the medical part. Thats what they learnt in the university, thats why they become a doctor and everything else is done by medneo. Starting from the scheduling o f a patient or if the patient wants to have an appointment, to the management of the patient in the diagnostic center, the image acquisition process, how to scan a patient. So thats all done by medneo with our own staff, with our own experts.Then after the image acquisition, the radiologist gets the images on our IT infrastructure, thats also something we develop on our own to enable all those process efficiency steps that we doing. He does the interpretation, writes the final report and after that we take over again, we send out the report to the referring physician, to the patient, handling the invoicing stuff in the name of the radiologist, thats the patient of the radiologist, its not our patient. But we are doing all the organization and administrative things again.So as I said, the radiologist can concentrate on being a doctor, and we can concentrate on, well, all the other aspects that are important to run a business.Martin: Great! Have there been any challenges when you star ted this business and how did you overcome them?Nicolas: In general, we are quite happy where we are standing right now.The first challenge of course, well, getting out of a huge company, with my 2 co-founders. So whats the right time to jump, so to say. What are the important partners would stay for networking, we want to  take with us  and further utilize it in the future. That was the first big step that weve taken.  Most of the founders have to take the step as well.Well, then afterwards of course it was important having those general ideas and those cornerstones I just described, to actually get into the market, being really operational, knowing every bit of the process details, what to focus on, and of course gaining the trust of the medical service providers, so the doctors.At the beginning that was the hardest part, because for our first diagnostic center, we had to convince them with a Power Point presentation, more or less. For all the other centers, it was quite a major s tep to be much easier. Because now we can invite them, they can see how we are actually working, how the process is working, what we are actually doing and experienced that. And so, its way easier to convince them and to gain the trust, that we can do that as being non-doctors or non-experts in their perception.That was certainly one of the major things at the beginning. It just turns out that being non-doctor is now becoming more and more important for us, more and more beneficial, while talking to doctors, because the differentiation, the scope of what they are doing and what we are doing is so  clear. We cant do the medical part and thats our core focus, we say we  dont do anything in that arena. But we take care of all the rest.BUSINESS MODELMartin: One core competency of you is that you really try to utilize the fixed assets much more efficient than anybody else in the market. How do you do it?Nicolas: What is utilization? Utilization is how many examination you do per MRI wise , per time, per year, whatever. In general, if you want to do that  with an airplane, you have also two measures that you can implement.You can see the plane is flying all the time, and its not standing on the ground.You can see that the utilization, so the  sit  load factor is increased.Thats exactly the same what we are doing as well.  We have very long opening hours, so at the moment in Berlin, we are operating 18 hours a day, from 6 in the morning to midnight. Well come to the next question, if the patients are coming at that time. They do actually.And the second part is of course, how many patients we can do per hour or per time. Thats also hugely depending on the process efficiency, and there we can do really really a lot without being not very nice environment for a patient, where he always feels to be in a hurry. Our process efficiency measures are indeed bringing kindness to patient while still being efficient. With those to deliver, we increase utilization way more than an y other radiology center in  Germany, well actually not only in  Germany.Martin: On the one hand side we have this fixed assets but on the other hand you also said that you provide some kind of software service to the radiologist. Can you tell us a little bit more whether you develop this by your own and on what type of functions you are focusing?Nicolas: IT is one of the key differentiators in our process, because it supports our process in all aspects. In general, in radiology department, youre using 2 different kinds of IT systems for your operational process.So one system is the image management system, where you can store these huge data files, huge image files, what such a device is actually delivering. How to manage that, how to store that, how to make that  secure, and also manage the viewing whether the radiologist is actually looking at the images and then writing his report, his conclusions. If theres something damaged in someones region. Thats one of the systems.And the second system is the workflow management system, where all the patients data is stored, all the medical records, medical history, also the whole workflow is supported, from the  scheduling  part which is for us, a very very important part because in the scheduling we determine the utilization. So thats the key aspect of the process there.  So whatever works right in the  sketching  part and works right in the diagnostic center later.But also, all the process in diagnostic center, thats all managed by this workflow system. And this workflow system was completely developed by our own. So at the beginning, we had to make the choice if we use a system that is out there, but most of the systems in the medical arena, especially very old and they tend to be where you shut down very close, no interfaces, well, all they say in test is secure but having no interfaces has nothing to do with being secure or not.As we learn from  other industries, and our system is a total opposite. Its a very flexible, very open system, while still being very-very secure and having your right authentification measures. And this is very very important, not only for our core business model where we are running and operating diagnostic imaging centers on our own, but also for all future activities that we are doing so we can leverage those IT possibilities that we have.CORPORATE STRATEGYMartin: Nico, lets talk about the corporate strategy of medneo. Right now you have 2 diagnostic centers, one in  Berlin  and one in Potsdam. What I found very interesting is that both of them run a little bit different and that also your future, you have some other thoughts on how you would like to operate in the market. Can you tell us something about that?Nicolas: Our core business model as I just described, when we were talking about, is that we really invest in all the equipment, we run the diagnostic imaging centers, and we have a pay-per-use model for medical service providers. Thats our core model and that works very-very good for developed markets, not only  Germany, all  Central Europe, US, etc. So thats the model for those kinds of markets.For developing countries, its a totally different game. For them, it’s not the question if they can afford an MRI system or they can afford other imaging technology. For them, the question is can they operate it. And operating it, is always three different aspects that have to come together.The first aspect is infrastructure. Being able to actually operate the infrastructure, keep it alive. And there’s only electricity, cooling, interface to building technology, only to name a few of them and thats really really hard if youre in a developing country. I saw that myself in the recent years a lot. So thats the first aspect that you really have to manage.The second aspect is, you need experts in operating the medical devices, so radiographers, the medical technical expertise to acquire the image.And then the third aspect is the medical expe rtise to do the interpretation of the image, let say, Okay, whats wrong with the patient and give the doctors then an indication, the referring physicians, how to proceed with the patient.So those 3 things have to come together.And for us, thats exactly what we are focusing. Infrastructure, were now establishing not only radiology that we can be built in an existing building, like what weve done here in  Berlin. But we have developed a modular concept, where we are using a stand out ISO containers, so shipping containers, so  pure  shipping containers that we actually use as modules. So its not that we bind them together and place the radiology inside, but really each container is a module. So we have a container for the medical devices, we have a container for the entrance area, we have a container for the restroom, for the building technology, for the cooling. And we can even have containers for electricity generation and so on.With this infrastructure, we are able to premanufactu re everything here in  Germany, together with the partners. We are not a manufacturing company, but we are the integrator or the know how on our side for all the bits of the technology. And we bring the manufacture that up to a rate of 85% roughly and then we can then ship it to developing countries. We basically need a basement there, where we can place the containers and everything else that we brought to those countries.  So not only the containers and the infrastructures but as I said also the electricity, internet via satellite, these are all the things we can actually do. Thats the infrastructure part.Lets jump to the third aspect, the medical part before we come to second one. The third aspect is the medical expertise. Thats actually something we are actually doing or ready based on our IT infrastructure we are developing on our own. We are able to connect other radiologists from all over the world via very-very thin internet cables, so with  high latency with low  bandwidth. And we already have a few very interesting projects.Our first one was actually in Nigeria, where all the other bigger IT companies said that its impossible to connect them and we said that’s just the right reference case for us. And we connected a hospital there. They have a CT, they have MRI, they have conventional X-Ray, their mammography device, but they don have a radiologist there. And there is also no radiologist close by, the next one is a couple of hundred kilometers away.And for them, thats really a problem because while they have some expensive devices there, but actually the results, well, if you dont have the expertise then its hard. So what weve done there, we installed our IT infrastructure. They can send their images directly from the scanner, so from those devices directly to our infrastructure. The images are transferred to our network. And now the radiologist will collaborate with us or our customers and here whole thing turns a bit around can earn additional mo ney by actually by working in this teleradiology field and helping those developing countries while earning money for their own business. So thats the third part.The second part, and thats something we are using now also on our location in Potsdam as our RD location, where we actually develop the possibility to remote control such a scanner. That we can bring the medical technical expertise that we have here in Berlin or Germany in general, to those countries and actually guide the scan from remote.We always need somebody locally to take care of the patient, to place the patient on the table and do everything that is necessary locally, but running the very complex image acquisition procedure, thats something we believe we can do remotely. And thats one of the RD things we are developing right now. And then we have all 3 parts together to run a radiology anywhere in the world.Martin: You only need a partner who can operate it and make sure that it cool, enough electricity going there ?Nicolas: Well actually, we can provide that as well. We can provide cooling, we can provide electricity there if requested or if needed, so thats something that we can bring to the table. What we are not doing with those projects, we dont take the utilization risk.MARKET DEVELOPMENTMartin: Nico, can you tell us something about the market of radiologists. Like how much revenue are they generating for example in  Germany, or in Europe and how this compares to  Nigeria  or the  US?Nicolas: Well, thats a very funny comparison actually. That in Munich there are more MRI scanners than in complete  Northern Africa. That also gives you an indication that theres quite some room to catch up for them.What I found is a very interesting figure, how many MRI scans per inhabitants you have that also shows which countries are developing and which area. In  Germany, like  Switzerland, the  US, you have between 9 and 10 MRI examinations per 100 inhabitants per year. So thats the rough rate here, you can calculate on. If you look a little bit around like  Eastern Europe, well, depending on the country of course, but you have rates between 2.5 to 4 examinations per 100 inhabitants per year. If you look at  Russia, you are below 1, if you look at  Africa, you can hardly count it. So that indicates that there’s a lot of room to catch up.And of course those are the countries we look at for our first business model, where we do the utilization in the developed countries. And of course the countries very interesting with the increasing gross domestic product, because we found that the correlation between MRI scans and the gross domestic product is really linear. So it cant be more precise actually.Martin: Okay.Nicolas: So thats pretty clear where we can go in this regard. And for our infrastructure of the machine as I said, developing countries are the core focus like Africa,  Middle East.  At the beginning, we prefer to stay in our time zones plus minus. But of course, Asia and  A merica  is also very interesting for the future.Martin: So my perception is that the medneo business model is quite unique in  Germany. Is there some similar business model also working in the  US  or  Canada?Nicolas: Not exactly. So you have big radiology chain, so thats something you can find. Also in Germany, where radiologists hire other radiologists and have a bigger chain and doing that usually quite regional. So they have a very high presence in regional market but you don’t have one example for whole Germany, and thats very similar to other countries as well.With all the benefits and also the issues that you have to solve while being radiologist hiring other radiologist, usually the management and the service levels of such a model is not comparable to what we are doing.They key differentiation, being a technical provider and being expert in the technology field that is not that strong. And I think the biggest difference is that the radiologists who are working there, they are employees, they are not entrepreneurs. And thats the major difference to our model. So as I said, in our model all our customers are their own entrepreneurs, radiologists themselves or working together with hospitals of course as well. They are being their own organization and we dont hire them. Thats the key differentiator. And I havent seen that in  Germany,  up to my knowledge, I havent seen that anywhere else.ADVICE TO ENTREPRENEURSMartin: We always try to help people and get some advice so they dont make so much error as they would have been, maybe. What would be your advice for first time entrepreneurs and maybe you can also give some light into what advice would you give on, if you have a business model that is very capital intensive?Nicolas: Well, they are 2 totally different things you have to see.First part, as I said is always financing of course and having a business model that is quite capital intensive, you have to see how you structure your financing needs. So if you want to do everything with equity then thats a problem for your own shares, more or less. Its quite stable, but you have to see how to, if you want to have a debt financing for instance to mix that, you really have to see how to get your feet in the ground as fast as possible and have a functioning and working operational business. Because thats the only reason or the only argument you have to a bank that you have operating cash flow and whole thing is working. So thats very-very important.In terms of equity, well, search for partners you feel that theres also a cultural fit. So, I know many entrepreneurs are saying that, but I definitely believe in that. So, there are times when you dont meet the plans, well at least I heard that, we dont have that so far. But you need people as a sparing partner. So for me, for us as a founding team, we are coming from a big organization, and big organization has always the opportunity or the advantage that you get a lot of advice from people around you, at least from your boss from time to time. So now being our own bosses, its still important to get advice and to get some additional ideas. And while very often you dont get an honest advice from your employees, you need to search for your own network and here also your shareholders or your investors  can be, from my perspective, and should be a very good sparing partner in that regard.Other term of advice, is don’t forget to take care of your customers and your network. So thats really-really important. Having a great idea and managing all the details is great but try to be operational as soon as possible and I think thats one of the key things why we are here where we already are.Martin: Thank you very much, Nico!

Essay on The Introduction of Prohibition - 661 Words

The Introduction of Prohibition Prohibition was introduced in 1920 as part of an amendment to the Constitution of the USA. It was introduced for a variety of different reasons including a wartime concern for preserving grain for food rather than for brewing and distilling. There were also feelings against the German-Americans, who were responsible for brewing and distilling, at a time when America was at war against Germany which also let the Anti-Saloon league influence the general public before the main objectors, the men, returned home. Even though there are many reasons for the introduction of prohibition there was only one main consequence. It created the greatest criminal boom in American†¦show more content†¦They said that buying alcohol would benefit the Germans and you would be being disloyal to your country to purchase something that would benefit the ‘enemy’. Nevertheless, this would not stop the large population of German-Americans buying the alcohol along with many other Americ ans who had come to America from other countries. An additional consideration that led people in the belief that prohibition would succeed was the cost of alcohol so people may have used the law as an opportunity to give up alcohol without seeming odd to others. Moreover, this problem would not prevent wealthy Americans from trying to purchase alcohol because they had the money to do it without sending their family into the downwards spiral of poverty. Also, to begin with the level of enforcement for the law was so high that even if people did not support the law, the prohibition commissioners could have worked hard to dispose of alcohol whilst gathering support. However, this hard work soon ended when the commissioners, along with the police, politicians, magistrates, party officials and clerks, began to accept bribes from gangsters and the owners of speakeasies to ignore the activities that were taking place around them. Even though there are many reasons that say that prohibition could have succeeded there are always moreShow MoreRelatedThe Causes of Prohibition (America 1920s)848 Words   |  4 PagesWhy was prohibition introduced in America in the 1920? When federal prohibition was introduced in America with the 18th Amendment to the constitution in 1919 and the Volstead Act in 1920, it was often termed ‘The Nobel Experiment’. It didn’t take long for most people to recognise that the experiment had gone terribly wrong and that it was fostering what it was supposed to eradicate, crime, excess and corruption. But the question is why it was introduced in America in 1920 and to understand thisRead MoreProhibition Led to the Rapid Growth of Organized Crime1419 Words   |  6 PagesProhibition Led to the Rapid Growth of Organized Crime Prohibition was a period in which the sale, manufacture, or transport of alcoholic beverages became illegal. It started January 16, 1919 and continued to December 5, 1933. Although it was designed to stop drinking completely, it did not even come close. It simply created a large number of bootleggers who were able to supply the public with illegal alcohol. Many of these bootleggers became very rich and influential through selling alcoholRead More Prohibition Led To The Rapid Growth Of Organized Crime Essay1401 Words   |  6 Pages Prohibition was a period of time in which the sale, manufacture, or transport of alcoholic beverages became illegal. It started January 16, 1919 and continued to December 5, 1933. Although it was designed to put an end to all drinking, it simply created a large number of bootleggers who produced and sold illegal alcohol. Many of these bootleggers became very rich and influential through selling alcohol and also through other methods. They pioneered the practices of organized crime that are stillRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1506 Words   |  7 PagesCity† (Boardman 71). People of the 1920s used Prohibition to get ahead in society by selling alcohol illegally. F. Scott Fitzgerald, wrote, The Great Gatsby, which takes place in Long Island, near New York City, during the 1920s. In the novel, the main character, Jay Gatsby, is a successful man who has participated in shady businesses to get what he wants. In, The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald portrays the corruption of American society using Prohibition and how it brought about the rise of organizedRead MoreEssay about Prohibition in the USA in 19191038 Words   |  5 PagesProhibition in the USA in 1919 Prohibition was introduced in 1919; however it is impossible to find one simple reason for why it was introduced. It was not a new idea as the movement had already begun in 1830. By 1914 over half of Americas states were dry. At one minute past midnight on January 16th 1920 the law against the sale and transportation of alcohol in America became law; however in 1917 the law had been passed by congress due to the eighteenth amendmentRead MoreIsaac Campos Book, Home Grown, about Mexicos Use of Marijuana715 Words   |  3 Pagesthe substance’s prohibition in 1920. With this book, he attempts to â€Å"decipher the psychoactive riddle of cannabis in nineteenth and early twentieth century Mexico† (p.8). The â€Å"psychoactive riddle† is the way the drug, set, and setting are imposed on the resulting influence of marijuana. Home Grown is significant in understanding the War on Drugs and the impact marijuana has had on society in North America. It provided history of notable events due to the production and prohibition of the drug rangingRead MoreTemperance And Prohibition Propaganda845 Words   |  4 Pagesmain reason behind Temperance and Prohibition movement. The Second Great Awakening was a Protestant revival that started around the1800’s in the United States. The revivals attracted hundreds of new followers to the Protestant denomination. Massachusetts passed a Temperance law in 1838. If the alcohol where in quantities less than 15 gallons it was banned, The Temperance law was repealed two years later.   In 1846 Maine  passed the one of the first state prohibition law . Many other states followedRead MoreAmerica in the 1920s Essay1049 Words   |  5 Pagesof mass production, cinema, jazz and the introduction of prohibition. Indeed, the 1920’s have often been described as ‘’the roaring 20’s’’ a time when life was good for all Americans. Qu. To what extent did America ‘’roar’’ for all Americans in the 1920’s? America enjoyed a period of great prosperity in the 1920s, people often called it ‘the roaring 20’s’ as things like mass production, cinema, jazz and prohibition were introduced, these things had a huge Read MoreThe Prohibition On Financial Assistance870 Words   |  4 Pagesits enactment in the Companies Act 1928, the prohibition on financial assistance has been mainly influenced by two different streams of statutory interpretations. On one hand, Waller LJ’s judgment in Belmont Finance Corporation v Williams Furniture Ltd (No 2) gave a ‘significant boost’ to a broad interpretation of the statutory language. His strict approach, seems to have inspired a number of judges to adopt a literal interpretation of the prohibition and to disregard the commercial substance ofRead MoreProhibition and United States Society in 1920s Essay798 Words   |  4 PagesProhibition and United States Society in 1920s Prohibition was the legal ban on the manufacture and sale of alcohol. It was introduced in 1919 and was viewed as the answer to many of Americas problems. It was thought that the end of alcohol in America would spark a new and greater society in America. People believed that it would reduce crime, drunkenness, violence and that it would reduce families in poverty because the men would not go out spending all the money

Essay on Canterbury Tales Wifes Tale - 2555 Words

The Wife of Bath’s Tale In the magical days when England was ruled by King Arthur, a young Knight was riding home when he saw a beautiful young maiden walking all alone in the woods and raped her. Tnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;his outrageous act created a great stir and King Arthur was petitioned for justice. The Knight was condemned to death according to the law and would have been beheaded if the queen had not mediated on his behalf. After many pleas for mercy King Arthur finally told the queen to decide the Knight’s fate. The queen then told the Knight to answer the question what women desire the most in order to save his life. She also gave him a time period of one year to find an answer and appear before her. Seeing no other†¦show more content†¦The Knight married her secretly in the morning. When he went to bed with her he kept tossing and turning while she lay beside him. She reprimanded the Knight and asked him whether this behavior was customary among Knights who marry. The Knight couldn’t bear his misery any longer and replied that her hideousness, low birth and old age were the causes of his unease and distress. The old woman replied that she coul d rectify these things within three days provided he behaved courteously. She then proceeded to reprimand the Knight for his affectations. Gentility doesn’t come with noble birth but with good acts and a virtuous way of life. Only noble deeds determine gentility. As regards poverty, Christ himself willingly chose a life of poverty. She says that poverty is a hated boon and a great enhancer of wisdom. She then tells him that old age should always be respected. As regarding her loathsome appearance she tells the Knight that now he need not fear about being deceived. Old age and ugliness are in fact the best guards for protecting chastity. She then asks him whether he would prefer her ugly and faithful or beautiful and faithless. The Knight thinks for a moment and sighs that she may make the choice in their best interests. Delighted that she has gained quot;maistrequot; or sovereignty over him, she asks the Knight to kiss her. To the Knight’s utter joy she becomes young and beautiful. They live in perfect joy and harmony and she remained faithful toShow MoreRelated Canterbury Tales - Comparing Chaucers The Clerks Tale and The Wife of Bath Tale1963 Words   |  8 Pages In The Clerks Tale and The Wife of Baths Tale from Geoffrey Chaucers The Canterbury Tales, characters are demanding, powerful and manipulating in order to gain obedience from others. From all of The Canterbury Tales, The Clerks Tale and The Wife of Baths Tale are the two most similar tales. These tales relate to each other in the terms of obedience and the treatment of women. The Wife of Bath Tale consists of one woman who has complete controlRead MoreChaucers Canterbury Tales: The Wife of Bath Essay837 Words   |  4 Pageshe weaves together tales of twenty nine different people on their common journey to Canterbury. Through their time on the road, these characters explore the diverse lives of those traveling together, narrated by the host of the group. Each character in the ensemble is entitled to a prologue, explaining his or her life and the reasons for the tale, as well as the actual story, meant to have moral implications or simply to entertain. One narrative in particular, that of the Wife of Bath, serves bothRead More Chaucers Canterbury Tales Essay - Marriage in The Wife of Baths Prologue and Tale672 Words   |  3 PagesMarriage in Geoffrey Chaucers The Wife of Baths Prologue and Tale The disparity in the outcomes of the hags marriage and Alisons marriages in Geoffrey Chaucers The Wife of Baths Prologue and Tale depends in part on the womens differing expectations of their husbands. The hags modus agendi depends on a knights obligation to honour his pledge, whereas Alisons modus operandi depends on her husbands conduct after marriage, i.e. on her circumstances. Having saved the knights life, theRead More Wife of Bath in Chaecers Canterbury Tales Essay912 Words   |  4 Pages In the Canterbury Tales written by Geoffrey Chaucer the story tells about men and women going on pilgrimages, among them the Wife of Bath in search of her 6th husband, who go on a journey to pay their respect to Sir Thomas à ¡ Becket. During the story the Wife of Bath strongly expresses herself as a very strong woman and knows what she expects with the men shes with. As well as this, with all her beauty and respect she was given in life the Wife of Bath displays herself highly. Finally, she idealsRead More Chaucers Canterbury Tales Essay - The Strong Wife of Bath1112 Words   |  5 PagesThe Strong Wife of Bath       Alison of Bath as a battered wife may seem all wrong, but her fifth husband, Jankyn, did torment her and knock her down, if not out, deafening her somewhat in the process. Nevertheless, the Wife of Bath got the upper hand in this marriage as she had done in the other four and as she would probably do in the sixth, which she declared herself ready to welcome. Alison certainly ranks high among women able to gain control over their mates.    The Wife of BathsRead More Canterbury Tales Essay - Sexuality in The Wife of Bath and the Pardoner1711 Words   |  7 PagesSexuality in The Wife of Bath and the Pardoner In Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales, an eclectic mix of people gathers together at Tabard Inn to begin a pilgrimage to Canterbury. In the General Prologue, the readers are introduced to each of these characters. Among the pilgrims are the provocative Wife of Bath and the meek Pardoner. These two characters both demonstrate sexuality, in very different ways. Chaucer uses the Wife and the Pardoner to examine sexuality in the medieval periodRead More Chaucers Canterbury Tales Essay - The Powerful Wife of Bath1099 Words   |  5 PagesThe Powerful Wife of Bath   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Geoffrey Chacers The Canterbury Tales we are introduced to 29 people who are going on a pilgrimage to St. Thomas a Becket in Canterbury. Each person is represented to fit a unique type of behavior as shown by people during the medieval ages.   My attention was drawn to the Wife of Bath through which Chaucer notes the gender inequalities.   Predominantly, women could either choose to marry and become a childbearing wife or go intoRead MoreChaucer s Canterbury Tales And The Wife Of Bath s Tale1167 Words   |  5 Pagesalways tries to improve a part of society in a moral basis. The reason it targets a part of society is because didactic literature has an audience of origin that the moral applies to. For example, Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales: â€Å"The Wife of Bath s Prologue† and â€Å"The Wife of Bath s Tale† , which is written by Geoffrey Chaucer, takes place during the late 5th and early 6th century during King Arthur’s reign of Great Britain. During this era, society was structured in a totally different manner thanRead More Character Analysis of The Wife of Bath of Chaucers Canterbury Tales1623 Words   |  7 Pages Character Analysis of The Wife of Bath of Chaucers Canterbury Tales The Canterbury Tales is Geoffrey Chaucers greatest and most memorable work. In The Canterbury Tales, Chaucer uses a fictitious pilgrimage [to Canterbury] as a framing device for a number of stories (Norton 79). In The General Prologue of The Canterbury Tales, Chaucer describes in detail the pilgrims he meets in the inn on their way to Canterbury. Chaucer is the author, but also a character and the narrator, and acts likeRead More Chaucers Canterbury Tales - Anti-Feminist Beliefs in Millers Tale and Wife of Baths Tale1536 Words   |  7 PagesAnti-Feminist Beliefs in The Millers Tale and The Wife of Baths Tale    The Millers Tale and The Wife of Baths Tale feature two characters that, though they may appear to be different, are actually very similar. They both seem to confirm the anti-feminine beliefs that existed at the time Chaucer wrote his Canterbury Tales. However, they go about it in different ways. Alison, the woman in The Millers Tale, tries to hide the fact that she has a passion for men other than her husband, and

Bibliography of Abraham Maslow Free Essays

The Life of Abraham Maslow Psy 401 March 21, 2013 General Biography Abraham Maslow was born on April 1, 1908 in Brooklyn, New York. His parents were Jewish immigrants from Russia and he was the oldest of seven siblings. His father was a hardcore drinker of whiskey, loved women, and would often pick fights with other people. We will write a custom essay sample on Bibliography of Abraham Maslow or any similar topic only for you Order Now He did not like his father, yet over the years he learned to deal with him in a peaceful manner. On the other hand, Abraham Maslow had complete hatred for his mother throughout his whole life. As he grew older, he did not have any sympathy or love for her. It was so bad that when she passed away he did not attend her funeral. He described his mother as a heartless, uneducated, ignorant, and aggressive individual. She did not show any sympathy towards her children and would sometimes drive them crazy. His anger towards his mother inspired his pursuit and career in humanistic psychology (Hergenhahn, 2005, p. 584). He attended Boys High School and continued his education at the City College of New York. There, he fulfilled his father’s wishes to pursue law school. After attending law school and being dissatisfied with the direction of his education, he decided to transfer to Cornell University where he was taught introductory psychology by Edward Titchner. He was not inspired by Titchner’s approach to psychology and decided to transfer back to City College after one semester. He also had the desire to be near his cousin Bertha Goodman, as they were very close. Maslow and Bertha attended the University of Wisconsin together. When he turned 20, he married Bertha, who was 19, despite the fact that she was his first cousin. In Maslow’s eyes, his life had officially begun in Wisconsin (Hergenhahn, 2005, p. 586). Maslow earned his bachelor’s degree in 1930, his master’s in 1931, and his doctorate in 1934. He became the first doctoral student of Harry Harlow, who was a well known experimental psychologist. Maslow taught at Wisconsin before he moved to Columbia University. There, he became a research assistant for Edward Thorndike. In 1951, Maslow took the offer as chairman of the psychology department at Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts. This was where he made his mark and became the leader in third force psychology. In 1968, Maslow accepted another attractive offer by the Sega Administrative Corporation, located on Stanford University. The reason for accepting this offer was due to dissatisfaction towards his academic life and weakening health. This gave him the opportunity to think and write freely as he pleased. The life of Abraham Maslow ended on June 8, 1970, which resulted from a heart attack at 62 years old (Hergenhahn, 2005, p. 589). Historical Context During the 1960s, the United States was going through tough times. They were fighting in the Vietnam War, which was unpopular among the American citizens (Hergenhahn, 2005, p. 570). A few very important figures were assassinated during their peak hours, which caused some instability among the citizens. These figures included Martin Luther king was assassinated by James Ray (mlk-kpp01. stanford. edu) and John F. Kennedy was assassinated by Lee Oswald (crdl. usg. edu). As a result, racial protests broke out among some major cities, which quickly turned violent. Hippies were also growing in popularity as they openly rebelled against others. Evidently, this was not a time period where rational philosophy or empirical philosophy was appealing (Hergenhahn, 2005, p. 571). The schools of structuralism, functionalism, Gestalt psychology, behaviorism, and psychoanalysis existed during the 1920s and 1930s. However, by the 1950s, the school of structuralism had faded away, and the schools of functionalism and Gestalt psychology merged into other schools of psychology. Only behaviorism and psychoanalysis persisted as significant, complete schools of psychology during the 1950s and 1960s. During the tough times mentioned earlier, many viewed the knowledge given by behaviorism and psychoanalysis as insufficient and/or inaccurate. A new viewpoint of psychology was desired, where it stressed on the human spirit, as well as the mind and the body. Behaviorism and psychoanalysis had many issues in their explanation of humans. One of the issues with behaviorism was that it equated humans as being similar to that of robots, animals, or computers. It did not see anything unique about humans. The major issue with psychoanalysis was that it focused on people with unusual emotional behavior and sought to develop methods to help abnormal people become normal (Hergenhahn, 2005, p. 574). The previous schools of psychology, according to third force psychology, lacked information that would assist healthy humans become healthier, eventually achieving their full potential. A new model was needed that focused on the positive traits rather than the negative traits of humans. As a result, third-force psychologists made an effort to provide this type of model. This effort began in the 1930s and 1940s when Abraham Maslow met with outstanding European psychologists (who escaped from the Nazis) in the U. S. These exceptional psychologists included Erick Fromm, Max Wertheimer, Karen Horney, and Alfred Adler. As a result, a new wave of movement, known as third-force psychology, was led by Abraham Maslow in the early 1960s. This new wave of movement was known as third-force psychology. It occurred in the early 1960s and was led by Abraham Maslow (Hergenhahn, 2005, p. 576). Important Achievements Abraham Maslow was most accountable for making humanistic psychology an established branch of psychology. With much effort put in by Maslow, he later founded the Journal of Humanistic Psychology in 1961. In addition, the American Association of Humanistic Psychologists was developed in 1961 and a division of American Psychological Association (APA), Humanistic Psychology, was established in 1971 (Hergenhahn, 2005, p. 586). One of Maslow’s greatest contributions was the hierarchy of needs. It gave us a better understanding of human motivation (www. bs. org). The hierarchy of needs, as Maslow described, arranged the needs of humans in a hierarchy. The needs further down in the hierarchy were more basic and similar to the needs of animals. The needs were arranged so that one has to fulfill the lower needs first in order to move onto the higher needs that follow. For instance, when the most basic needs, which were the physiological needs (such as thirst and hunger), were satisfied , a person may then move onto the safety needs (protection from danger or pain). When the safety needs were fulfilled, a person may then continue onto the love needs (to give love and receive love). After the love/belonging needs were satisfied, a person may then continue onto fulfilling the esteem needs (to be recognized, respected, confident, etc. ) Once a person satisfied the needs up until the esteem needs, then a person may pursue to become self-actualized. Maslow described this as the human’s ability to reach their full potential. Some examples he gave were musicians’ ability to make music, the artists’ ability to paint, and the poets’ ability to write. Maslow further described self-actualization as the individual’s ability to reach their potential (it is subjective). In addition, he thought that it was impossible for any human to reach their fullest potential, but were still capable of achieving self-actualization if they fulfilled the hierarchical needs (Hergenhahn, 2005, p. 587). To further enhance his theory, Maslow interviewed a number of individuals he thought had reached self-actualization. These individuals were Albert Einstein, Sigmund Freud, Albert Schweitzer, William James, Jane Addams, and Abraham Lincoln. He came to the conclusion of certain characteristics that self-actualized people obtained: their perception of the world was accurate and complete; they were very much satisfied with themselves and of others; they underwent indigenous and naturalness; they were private and independent of their surroundings; they were grateful; they experienced peak moments described as extraordinary visions, feelings of ecstasy, and powerfulness, yet weakness as well; they were concerned with the human race in general as opposed to only their family, relatives, and friends; and they had a sense of creativity (Hergenhahn, 2005, p. 87). Historical Impact In the early 1960s, a new wave of movement, led by Abraham Maslow, was known as third-force psychology (referred to as humanistic psychology). As a result, a paradigm shift had taken place. Abraham Maslow was most accountable for making humanistic psychology an established branch of psychology. This achievement had such a strong influence in psychology because the previous schools of psychology, according to third force psychology, lacked information that would assist healthy humans become healthier, eventually achieving their full potential. The new model of humanistic psychology focused on the positive traits rather than the negative traits of humans. (Hergenhahn, 2005, p. 576). With much effort put in by Maslow, he later founded the Journal of Humanistic Psychology in 1961. In addition, the American Association of Humanistic Psychologists was developed in 1961 and a division of American Psychological Association (APA), Humanistic Psychology, was established in 1971 (Hergenhahn, 2005, p. 586) One of Maslow’s greatest contributions was the hierarchy of needs. It gave us a better understanding of human motivation (www. dpsycinteractive. org). He described the human needs in the form of a hierarchy. As you go down the hierarchy, the needs became more basic, physiological, and similar to the characteristics of animals. As you go higher in the hierarchy, the needs were focused more on growth. Eventually, after all the prior stages were satisfied, one may reach the last stage of self-actualization. He described self-ac tualization as the individual’s ability to reach their potential. In addition, Maslow made important contributions to the area of human sexuality. Towards the end of Maslow’s life, he began to formulate new ideas in psychology known as transpersonal psychology. Maslow’s findings also influenced areas outside of psychology such as in business, marketing, medicine, education, etc. (Hergenhahn, 2005, p. 589). Abraham Maslow’s work continues to be influential in contemporary psychology. References Abraham Maslow. (n. d. ). In Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) online. Retrieved from http://www. pbs. org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/bhmasl. html Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. (n. d. ). In Stanford’s Encyclopedia online. Retrievedfrom http://mlk kpp01. stanford. du/index. php/encyclopedia/encyclopedia/enc_kings_assassination_4_apr il_1968/ Hergenhahn, B. R. (2005). Humanistic (Third-Force) Psychology. An Introduction to the Historyof Psychology (Edition 6th, pp. 570-590). California: Wadsworth. Huitt, W. (2007). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Educational Psychology Interactive. Retrieved from ht tp://www. edpsycinteractive. org/topics/conation/maslow. html. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. John F. Kennedy’s assassination. (2013). In Civil Rights Digital Library online. Retrieved from http://crdl. usg. edu/events/jfk_assassination/? Welcome How to cite Bibliography of Abraham Maslow, Papers

The Genius Of China 3000 Years Of Science, Disco Essay Example For Students

The Genius Of China 3000 Years Of Science, Disco Essay very, And InventionThe World is forever in debt to China for its innovations. Ancient China was extreme advance and many of its discoveries are still in use today. This is what Robert Temple, the author of The Genius of China 3000 years of science, discovery and invention. The book is based on 11 main parts of Chinese innovation. Within these 11 categories, there are 3 main parts that contain the most significant inventions. Robert Temple concentrates the bulk of his examples in these three categories, agriculture, domestic and industrial technology , and engineering. Temples examples were not limited to these fields of innovation. The Chinese excelled in many other areas, including mathematics, warfare and transportation, to name a few. Although Temple wrote about eleven fields of invention, I feel that these three sections contain the greatest examples of Chinese innovation, and the debt that the modern world owes China.The first main area is the field of engineering. Within this chapter, the development of iron and steel is the greatest achievement. We will write a custom essay on The Genius Of China 3000 Years Of Science, Disco specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The development of iron and steel led to other advances. By at least the 4th century the Chinese have developed blast furnaces to obtain cast iron from iron ore. This was 1200 years before the first blast furnace showed up in Europe. The reasons that the author gave to explain the reasons why the Chinese developed this technology are simple. The Chinese had access to large amounts of clay, the key ingredient in making blast furnaces. The Chinese also figured out that by adding a substance they called :Black Earth, they could lower the melting point of iron. Another major invention of the Chinese, that led to other achievements, is steel. The common belief today is that Henry Bessemer discovered the process of refining iron into steel. The fact is Chinese had developed the process to refine iron into steel in the second century BC The Chinese learned that by injecting oxygen into the blast furnace, they could remove the carbon from the iron. The Chinese called this process the hundred refinings method since they repeated the process that many times. The finished product was highly prized in China for its strength and ability to hold an edge on a sword. The Chinese would weld the steel onto weaker iron thus creating a strong edge and a superior weapon. The Chinese iron and steel workers were the best at making different types of metals into modern times. But then, no one else could have done so at the time, since iron existed nowhere else but in China. The Chinese invented the chain pump in the first century AD The chain pump allows water to the pumped from lower to higher elevations. The chain pumps were used for draining and pumping in civil engineering, but what is more important is it was used for irrigation. Irrigation allows for greater and more intense farming, thus resulting in a better crop yield. With the greater crop yields larger populations can be supported. The chain pump was exported to all parts of the world by way of visiting ambassadors and dignitaries. The first European chain pump appeared in the sixteenth century, and was a direct copy of the Chinese version. The second area of great Chinese achievement is in domestic and industrial technology. The most recognized Chinese invention is in the field of domestic and industrial technology, paper. Paper was invented around the second century BC and was used as clothing. One might not believe that paper could be used as clothing, but the paper made at that time used thicker and tougher paper fibers. .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98 , .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98 .postImageUrl , .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98 , .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98:hover , .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98:visited , .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98:active { border:0!important; } .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98:active , .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98 .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc3353c47deb3eb7cfc827dc617da7f98:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Unemployment Essay Not only was paper used for clothing, it was also used for military body armor. The Chinese found out that pleated sheets of paper could stop the penetration of arrows. The paper armor was standard issue with Chinese land and sea units. Papers writing property was not discovered till about one century after its discovery. The earliest example of writing on paper was found an abandon military post. The paper found dates back to 110 AD and contained two dozen readable characters. The area that let China grow and expand was the innovations in the area of agriculture. The greatest achievement in the field of agriculture is row cultivation and intensive hoeing. In Europe, as with the rest of the world, they practiced scatter seed farming. Scatter seed farming is the practice of throwing the seed onto the fields at random. By throwing the seed randomly, half the seeds would not grow and make it impossible to weed the field. The Chinese on the other hand, planted individual seeds and rows, thus reducing seed loss. The planting of crops in rows also allowed for intensive hoeing, which in turn reduce weeds. Another major advancement in the field of agriculture is the seed drill. The seed drill complements the row farming of the Chinese. The seed drill is a device that plants the seed into the ground. It replaces the farmer to plant the seeds by hand, thus allowing the farmer to plant more acreage. The first seed drill was introduced to Europe in sixteenth century, 3500 years after the Chinese had invented it. In conclusion, I believe that the author has proved his original idea, that the modern world is in debt to China. The author has given many examples of Chinese innovation and intelligence that are seen in use today. Chinese innovation in agriculture has not only allowed the Chinese to grow, it has also allowed the modern world to grow. The growth of these other countries is directly linked to the inventions that they copied from the Chinese. Many of the Chinese engineering feats are still practiced today. The process of refining iron into steel is still used today, though the process has been refined. The suspension bridge, invented by the Chinese in the first century AD, is still the bridge of choice when one has to span a great distance. The greatest area of Chinese invention is in agriculture. The Chinese excelled in farming, not only did they discover the seed drill, they discovered row farming that is still used today. I would recommend this book with one wants to read about the past glory of China and the huge potentional of the future. It gave in-depth views into each Chinese invention, while not over doing the techical explaination. The Author is clear and concise on his point, the modern world is in debt to the Chinese. He gave many examples of Chinese invoation, and how the rest of the world copied the Chinese. Not did the rest of the world copy Chinese inventions, they claimed that they were the first to invent it. The author opened my eyes to the greatness of anicent China. What the author, Robert Temple, did do gave me even more reason to respect China.